@article{oai:ynu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00009257,
 author = {Nakamura, Kengo and Nakagawa, Yuichi and Koizumi, Hiroyuki and Takao, Yoshinori},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences},
 month = {},
 note = {We have conducted three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations with Monte Carlo collisions method (PIC/MCC) to investigate the discharge characteristics of water for a microwave-discharge ion thruster, which can replace a high-pressure gas storage system. In the calculation model, three ion species (H2O+, OH+, and H+) are taken into account. The PIC/MCC results indicate that the electron density, the potential, and the electron temperature are the highest near the ECR region, and in order to obtain a similar electron density, high absorbed power is required compared to the results using xenon as the propellant. For the ion composition ratio of the water discharges, H2O+ and OH+ dominate over H+ and occupy more than 97%. However, about 10% of the ion current density is derived from H+ because of its lightweight and the effect of hydrogen ions would not be negligible for ion beam extraction.},
 pages = {152--159},
 title = {Numerical Analysis of a Miniature Microwave-discharge Ion Thruster Using Water as the Propellant},
 volume = {61},
 year = {2018}
}